GR1 Titanium Plate (Commercially Pure Titanium Grade 1)

GR1 is the softest and most ductile grade of commercially pure (CP) titanium. Its excellent formability, high impact toughness, and superior corrosion resistance make it the preferred choice for applications where maximum formability is required.

1. Chemical Composition (ASTM B265 Standard)

The composition is given in weight percent (wt. %).

Element	Content (wt. %) Maximum
Nitrogen (N)	0.03
Carbon (C)	0.08
Hydrogen (H)	0.015
Iron (Fe)	0.20
Oxygen (O)	0.18
Titanium (Ti)	Balance (99.0% min.)

Note: Other elements are present in trace amounts, with specified limits.

2. Key Mechanical and Physical Properties

The properties can vary slightly based on the manufacturing process (e.g., annealing). The following are typical values for annealed GR1 titanium plate.

Mechanical Properties (Typical at Room Temperature):

• Tensile Strength: 240 MPa (35 ksi) min.
• Yield Strength (0.2% Offset): 170 MPa (25 ksi) min.
• Elongation (in 2 inches / 50mm): 24% min.
• Elastic Modulus (Young’s Modulus): ~105 GPa (15.2 x 10⁶ psi)
• Hardness: Typically ~120 HB (Brinell)

Physical Properties:

• Density: 4.51 g/cm³ (0.163 lb/in³)
• Melting Point: ~1668 °C (3035 °F)
• Thermal Conductivity: 17 W/m·K (at 25°C)
• Specific Heat: 520 J/kg·K (at 25°C)
• Corrosion Resistance: Excellent, comparable to platinum. It forms a stable, protective oxide layer that resists corrosion in seawater, chlorides, and many industrial chemicals.

3. Application Range

GR1 titanium plate is widely used in industries where corrosion resistance and easy fabrication are more critical than high strength.

• Chemical Processing:
  • Heat exchangers, reactors, and tanks for handling corrosive chemicals (e.g., chlorides, nitric acid).
  • Linings and pickling baskets for the electroplating industry.
• Marine and Offshore:
  • Heat exchanger plates for seawater cooling systems.
  • Components for desalination plants.
  • Underwater hull components for submarines and yachts.
• Architecture and Construction (Architectural):
  • Roofing, cladding, and facades for iconic buildings due to its durability, light weight, and aesthetic appeal.
• Medical Industry:
  • Medical implants where high ductility and biocompatibility are essential (though Grade 2 and 5 are more common for load-bearing implants).
• Automotive and Consumer Goods:
  • Mufflers and exhaust systems for high-performance vehicles.
  • Automotive components and high-end consumer products like bicycle frames and golf clubs.
• Aerospace:
  • Used in non-critical, non-structural components, especially in firewalls and heat shields where corrosion resistance is key. (Higher-strength titanium alloys are used for primary structures).